Graph Theory at the Service of Electroencephalograms

The brain is one of the largest and most complex organs in the human body and EEG is a noninvasive electrophysiological monitoring method that is used to record the electrical activity of the brain. Lately, the functional connectivity in human brain has been regarded and studied as a complex network using EEG signals. This means that the brain is studied as a connected system where nodes, or units, represent different specialized brain regions and links, or connections, represent communication pathways between the nodes. Graph theory and theory of complex networks provide a variety of measures, methods, and tools that can be useful to efficiently model, analyze, and study EEG networks. This article is addressed to computer scientists who wish to be acquainted and deal with the study of EEG data and also to neuroscientists who would like to become familiar with graph theoretic approaches and tools to analyze EEG data.