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Complement-dependent neutralization of transmissible gastroenteritis virus by monoclonal antibodies
R D Woods1, R D Wesley, P A Kapke
1USDA-ARS, National Animal Disease Center, Ames, Ia.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|January 1, 1987
Summary
Monoclonal antibodies targeting the peplomer protein neutralize transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). Complement is required for matrix protein antibodies to neutralize TGEV, while nucleocapsid antibodies showed no neutralizing effect.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a significant swine pathogen.
- Understanding TGEV-specific antibody responses is crucial for developing effective vaccines and treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the virus-neutralizing activity of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the three major structural proteins of TGEV.
- To investigate the role of complement in MAb-mediated TGEV neutralization.
Main Methods:
- Production of MAbs against TGEV peplomer, matrix, and nucleocapsid proteins.
- Assessment of MAb virus-neutralizing activity in the presence and absence of guinea pig and swine complement.
Main Results:
- MAbs to the peplomer protein exhibited TGEV-neutralizing activity with or without complement, with similar titers.
- MAbs to the matrix protein neutralized TGEV only in the presence of complement.
- Antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein showed no neutralizing activity.
- High concentrations of guinea pig complement alone demonstrated TGEV-neutralizing activity.
Conclusions:
- TGEV peplomer protein-specific MAbs are potent neutralizers, independent of complement.
- Complement plays a critical role in the neutralization of TGEV by matrix protein-specific MAbs.
- Guinea pig complement possesses intrinsic TGEV-neutralizing capabilities, irrespective of specific antibodies.