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Odontogenic Infections.

Orrett E Ogle1

  • 1Atlanta, GA, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Mona Dental Program, University of the West Indies, Kingston 6, Jamaica; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Woodhull Hospital, 760 Broadway, Brooklyn, NY 11206, USA.

Dental Clinics of North America
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Odontogenic infections are polymicrobial, often caused by anaerobic bacteria. Prompt source elimination and antibiotic therapy are crucial for managing these dental infections and preventing severe complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Odontogenic infections are polymicrobial, involving facultative and strict anaerobes.
  • Strictly anaerobic gram-negative rods and gram-positive cocci are dominant isolates.
  • Periapical infections represent the most common type of odontogenic infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the microbial characteristics of odontogenic infections.
  • To highlight the potential spread and severe complications of dental infections.
  • To emphasize the primary treatment strategy for odontogenic infections.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on the pathogenesis and microbiology of odontogenic infections.
  • Analysis of common clinical presentations and potential complications.
  • Evaluation of established treatment principles.

Main Results:

  • Odontogenic infections are polymicrobial, with a predominance of anaerobic bacteria.
  • Infections can extend beyond the alveolar ridge, leading to deep space infections.
  • Severe complications include cavernous sinus thrombosis, brain abscess, and mediastinitis.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management hinges on eradicating the infection's primary source.
  • Antibiotics serve as essential adjunctive therapy.
  • Understanding the polymicrobial nature is key to successful treatment outcomes.