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[Update on multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Switzerland]
Judith Knuchel1, Frédéric Lador2, Paola M Soccal2
1Service de médecine interne générale, HUG, 1211 Genève 14.
Revue Medicale Suisse
|July 12, 2017
Summary
Multi-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global health threat, particularly affecting previously treated patients. Rapid detection via PCR and genotypic testing aids treatment, with hopes for shorter, more manageable therapeutic durations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
Background:
- Multi-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a significant global health challenge, accounting for approximately 500,000 cases annually.
- Individuals with prior TB treatment, contact with MDR-TB cases, migration, and origin from high-incidence countries are at increased risk.
- Switzerland has observed a slight but notable increase in MDR-TB cases recently.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the global and national burden of multi-resistant tuberculosis.
- To identify key risk factors associated with MDR-TB.
- To discuss diagnostic and treatment strategies for MDR-TB.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing PCR and genotypic antibiograms for rapid MDR-TB detection.
- Adjusting treatment based on phenotypic antibiogram results.
- Reviewing current treatment durations and emerging data on shorter regimens.
Main Results:
- Rapid diagnostic tools enable quicker identification of MDR-TB cases.
- Treatment requires careful adjustment based on genotypic and phenotypic data.
- Current MDR-TB treatment is lengthy and demanding, though shorter durations (9-12 months) are becoming feasible.
Conclusions:
- MDR-TB is a critical public health issue demanding effective diagnostic and treatment approaches.
- Early detection and tailored treatment are crucial for managing MDR-TB.
- Advancements in diagnostics and treatment protocols offer hope for improved patient outcomes and reduced treatment burden.
