X-rays: what the nurse needs to know

Rationale and key points X-ray imaging is a form of electromagnetic radiation that is able to pass through the human body producing an image of the internal structures. X-rays are one of the main investigations for confirming a suspected diagnosis. Developing an understanding of the underlying mechanism and the rationale for requesting an X-ray will increase nurses' understanding of the process and enable improved patient preparation through explanation and reassurance. This article provides an overview of the fundamental principles underlying the process of obtaining an X-ray. » X-ray imaging is a common diagnostic tool that nurses will encounter on a regular basis. » Several factors affect the production of a clear X-ray image, including patient movement. » Radiation safety and avoidance of unnecessary exposure are paramount. » Co-operation and communication by the multidisciplinary team are vital to ensure that X-ray imaging can be requested, performed, interpreted and acted on, and the findings communicated to the patient.