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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...

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Updated: Feb 22, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Brain mapping in multiple sclerosis: Lessons learned about the human brain.

Massimo Filippi¹, Paolo Preziosa¹, Maria A Rocca¹

¹Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.

|September 18, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) reveals brain structure-function insights. These findings improve understanding of neurological conditions and aid in monitoring disease progression.

Keywords:

Brain networks Diffusion tensor MRI Disconnection syndrome Functional MRI Multiple sclerosis Neuroplasticity Symptoms

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Area of Science:

Neuroimaging
Neurology
Neuroscience

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes clinical disability and cognitive impairment.
Understanding brain structure-function relationships is crucial for neurological conditions.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers insights into central nervous system (CNS) damage.

Purpose of the Study:

To review how advanced MRI techniques in MS enhance understanding of brain function.
To explore structure-function relationships applicable to MS and other neurological disorders.
To discuss the role of plasticity and network analysis in neurological recovery and treatment.

Main Methods:

Review of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in multiple sclerosis (MS).
Analysis of how white matter tract damage and network involvement relate to symptoms.
Consideration of functional and structural plasticity in recovery and treatment targets.

Main Results:

MRI studies in MS have elucidated mechanisms of disability and cognitive impairment.
Damage to white matter tracts can cause symptoms via disconnection.
Brain network involvement influences symptoms independently of pathology.
Functional and structural plasticity play roles in clinical recovery.
Network- and system-based analyses reshape understanding of brain function.

Conclusions:

Advanced MRI techniques in MS provide valuable insights into human brain structure-function relationships.
Understanding these relationships aids in managing neurological conditions, monitoring disease, and developing treatments.
Factors like age and cognitive reserve influence the impact of CNS damage on clinical presentation.