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Axitinib-related osteonecrosis of the jaw

Vinod Patel1, Chris Sproat1, Jerry Kwok1

  • 1Department of Oral Surgery, Guys Dental Hospital, London, UK.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology
|September 19, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can cause jaw necrosis. This report details the first known case of jaw necrosis solely linked to axitinib, a TKI used for renal cell carcinoma.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Oral Medicine

Background:

  • Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are oral chemotherapy agents targeting specific cellular pathways.
  • TKIs are utilized in treating various cancers, including leukemias and renal cell carcinoma.
  • Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a known adverse effect associated with certain TKIs.

Observation:

  • A case of jaw necrosis was observed in a patient treated with axitinib (Inlyta).
  • Axitinib is a novel TKI approved for advanced renal cell carcinoma.
  • This represents the first reported instance of ONJ solely attributed to axitinib.

Findings:

  • The patient developed jaw necrosis exclusively during treatment with axitinib.
  • Literature review indicates a broader association between TKIs and ONJ.
  • This case highlights a specific risk associated with axitinib therapy.

Implications:

  • Axitinib may pose a risk for developing osteonecrosis of the jaw.
  • Clinicians should be vigilant for ONJ in patients receiving axitinib.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the mechanism and incidence of axitinib-induced ONJ.

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