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Corneal Biomechanics in Ectatic Diseases: Refractive Surgery Implications
Renato Ambrósio1,2,3,4,5, Fernando Faria Correia6,7,8, Bernardo Lopes1,2,3,4,5
1Instituto de Olhos Renato Ambrósio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Open Ophthalmology Journal
|September 22, 2017
Summary
Early detection of corneal ectasia is crucial for preventing post-operative complications in refractive surgery. Advanced biomechanical assessment tools aid in identifying mild cases and predicting ectasia progression.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Corneal ectasia results from biomechanical weakness, causing stromal thinning, protrusion, steepening, astigmatism, and irregularity.
- Pre-operative detection of mild ectasia is vital in refractive surgery to prevent post-operative progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current status of clinical corneal biomechanical evaluation.
- To highlight recent advancements in diagnostic instruments and future developments.
Main Methods:
- 3D tomography enhances corneal shape characterization beyond topography.
- Introduction of Ocular Response Analyzer (2005) and Corvis ST (2010) enabled clinical biomechanical assessment.
- Direct biomechanical evaluation is key for detecting mild ectasia and susceptibility to progression.
Main Results:
- 3D tomography provides advanced corneal shape analysis.
- Clinical biomechanical assessment tools have evolved significantly since 2005.
- Direct biomechanical evaluation is paramount for identifying and managing ectasia.
Conclusions:
- Clinical evaluation of corneal biomechanics has advanced significantly.
- Current instruments offer robust assessment, with future developments like Brillouin microscopy on the horizon.
- Biomechanical assessment is essential for accurate ectasia diagnosis and management.
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