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S-Nitrosothiols: chemistry and reactions
Caihong Zhang1, Tyler D Biggs, Nelmi O Devarie-Baez
1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Environmental Science Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China. dc@sxu.edu.cn.
Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|September 26, 2017
Summary
S-nitrosothiols (SNO) are crucial in cell signaling and redox biology. This review explores their chemical properties and diverse reactions, highlighting their potential as synthons in chemical synthesis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Chemical Biology
- Redox Biology
Background:
- S-nitrosothiols (SNO) are formed via nitric oxide (NO) modification of protein cysteine residues.
- This post-translational modification is integral to numerous cell signaling pathways.
- SNOs are gaining attention for their roles in redox biology and as versatile chemical synthons.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the fundamental chemical and physical properties of S-nitrosothiols.
- To highlight the diverse chemical reactions involving SNO species.
- To underscore the potential of SNOs as synthons in chemical synthesis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of SNO properties and reactions.
- Compilation of known chemical transformations of SNOs.
- Analysis of SNO reactivity with various reagents.
Main Results:
- SNOs exhibit unique structural and chemical characteristics.
- Key reactions include those with phosphines, sulfinic acids, and nucleophiles.
- SNOs participate in radical additions and acyl SNO reactions.
Conclusions:
- S-nitrosothiols are versatile molecules with significant roles in biology and chemistry.
- Understanding SNO reactivity is crucial for their application in cell signaling research and synthesis.
- Their properties support their utility as synthons for novel chemical entities.
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