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Drug-Induced Anaphylaxis.

Marcelo Vivolo Aun1, Jorge Kalil1, Pedro Giavina-Bianchi1

  • 1Avenida Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 155, 8th Floor, Prédio dos Ambulatórios, Bloco 03, 05403-900, Sao Paulo, Brasil.

Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America
|October 3, 2017
PubMed
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Identifying the drug causing anaphylaxis can be challenging. Diagnosis relies on medical history, in vitro tests, skin tests, and drug challenges, with epinephrine as the primary treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Immunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Allergy and Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Drug-induced anaphylaxis is a significant clinical concern.
  • Accurate identification of the causative agent is often difficult.
  • Anaphylaxis requires prompt and effective management to prevent severe outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diagnostic approaches for drug-induced anaphylaxis.
  • To outline the current treatment strategies for anaphylaxis.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate etiological diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of medical records and patient clinical history.
  • Utilization of in vitro tests, including serum-specific IgE and basophil activation tests.
  • Performance of skin tests and drug challenges for diagnostic confirmation.
Keywords:
Adverse drug reactionsAnaphylaxisDrug allergyEpinephrineHypersensitivityNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

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Main Results:

  • Clinical history and medical records are fundamental for diagnosis.
  • In vitro tests and skin tests aid in identifying causative drugs.
  • Drug challenge is valuable for inconclusive cases or identifying alternatives.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is crucial for drug-induced anaphylaxis.
  • Intramuscular epinephrine remains the cornerstone of anaphylaxis treatment.
  • Rapid desensitization is a viable option for select patients.