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An engineered tendon/ligament bioscaffold derived from decellularized and demineralized cortical bone matrix
Jie-Liang Yang1, Xuan Yao1, Quan Qing2
1Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|October 7, 2017
Summary
Decellularized bone matrix (DBM) effectively removes cellular debris, preserving structural integrity and mechanical properties for potential use in tendon and ligament tissue engineering applications.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) with potential for tissue repair.
- Existing DBM preparations contain cell debris, which can cause adverse inflammatory reactions.
- This limits the clinical application of DBM in reconstructive procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a decellularized DBM (DCDBM) to mitigate inflammatory responses.
- To evaluate the structural, mechanical, and biological properties of the prepared DCDBM.
- To assess the potential of DCDBM for tendon and ligament replacement.
Main Methods:
- A novel protocol using detergent and nuclease treatment was employed to decellularize DBM.
- DNA quantification and histological analysis confirmed complete cell removal.
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assessed ultrastructure preservation.
- Tensile strength and viscoelastic properties were measured.
- In vitro fibroblast studies and in vivo subcutaneous implantation in rats were conducted.
Main Results:
- Decellularization successfully removed all cellular components from DBM.
- The inherent ultrastructure of DBM was well preserved post-decellularization.
- Calcium and phosphorus were absent, while collagen functional groups remained.
- DCDBM retained 79.71% of its original tensile strength and exhibited ligament-like viscoelasticity.
- DCDBM promoted fibroblast adhesion and proliferation in vitro.
- Subcutaneous implantation in rats showed reduced inflammation at 12 weeks.
Conclusions:
- The developed DCDBM is free of cellular debris and maintains its structural and mechanical integrity.
- DCDBM demonstrates excellent biocompatibility, promoting cell growth and reducing inflammatory responses.
- These findings support the potential of DCDBM as a viable biomaterial for tendon and ligament tissue engineering and replacement.
