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Effects of Hyperoxia on the Developing Airway and Pulmonary Vasculature

Christina M Pabelick1,2, Michael A Thompson3, Rodney D Britt4

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4-184 W Jos SMH, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. pabelick.christina@mayo.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|October 20, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Supplemental oxygen (hyperoxia) is vital for preterm infants but can cause lung issues like bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Redox signaling plays a key role in how hyperoxia affects neonatal lung development and disease.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal physiology
  • Pulmonary medicine
  • Cellular signaling

Background:

  • Supplemental oxygen therapy (hyperoxia) is crucial for preterm infants.
  • Hyperoxia is a known risk factor for neonatal lung diseases, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, recurrent wheezing, and asthma.
  • Redox signaling pathways are integral to lung development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the impact of hyperoxia on neonatal lung growth and disease.
  • To explore the role of redox signaling in hyperoxia-induced lung dysfunction.
  • To elucidate redox-mediated mechanisms in postnatal vascular and alveolar development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on hyperoxia and neonatal lung disease.
  • Analysis of redox-mediated mechanisms in airway and alveolar development.
  • Discussion of the influence of redox pathways on neonatal lung health.

Main Results:

  • Hyperoxia contributes significantly to bronchopulmonary dysplasia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, recurrent wheezing, and asthma in preterm infants.
  • Redox signaling pathways are critical for normal postnatal vascular and alveolar development.
  • Hyperoxia promotes airway dysfunction through altered redox signaling.

Conclusions:

  • Redox pathways are crucial regulators of neonatal lung development and are implicated in disease pathogenesis.
  • Understanding redox signaling in hyperoxia is essential for mitigating lung injury in preterm infants.
  • Hyperoxia-induced changes in redox pathways negatively impact both airway and alveolar development in neonates.

Keywords:
AlveologenesisHeme oxygenase-1HyperoxiaHypoxia inducible factor nitric oxideLung developmentNuclear factor E2-related factor 2Pulmonary vasculogenesis redox signalingSoluble guanylate cyclaseVascular endothelial growth factor

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