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Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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In Vitro Microfluidic Disease Model to Study Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions and Blood Clot Dynamics in Real-Time
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Thrombotic Microangiopathies (TTP, HUS, HELLP).

Shane Kappler1, Sarah Ronan-Bentle2, Autumn Graham1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Washington Hospital Center, 3800 Reservoir Road, Northwest, Washington, DC 20007, USA.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|October 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Thrombocytopenia, a low platelet count, requires prompt emergency department evaluation. This article details thrombotic microangiopathies like TTP and HUS, distinguishing them from other platelet disorders.

Keywords:
DICHELLPHUSHemolytic anemiaITPMicroangiopathiesTTPThrombocytopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150,000) is a frequent emergency department finding.
  • Prompt recognition and management of thrombocytopenia are critical.
  • Thrombotic microangiopathies are a key cause of platelet destruction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of thrombotic microangiopathies.
  • To differentiate these conditions from other causes of thrombocytopenia.
  • To guide emergency department diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations.
  • Discussion of underlying pathophysiology.
  • Outline of diagnostic workup and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Thrombotic microangiopathies, including TTP, HUS, and HELLP, are characterized by platelet destruction.
  • Differential diagnosis includes ITP, DIC, and HIT.
  • Effective management requires accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding thrombotic microangiopathies is essential for emergency physicians.
  • Distinguishing TTP, HUS, and HELLP from other thrombocytopenic disorders improves patient outcomes.
  • This review offers a framework for managing complex platelet disorders.