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Studying Murine Small Bowel Mechanosensing of Luminal Particulates

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Bone Mechanical Function and the Gut Microbiota.

C J Hernandez^1,2,3

¹Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, 355 Upson Hall, Ithaca, NY, USA. cjh275@cornell.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

|November 5, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Bone strength is key to preventing fragility fractures. This review explores how bone

Keywords:

Bone Bone density Bone quality Bone strength Cancellous bone Cortical bone Infection Material properties Mechanical properties Microbiome Osteoimmunology

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Area of Science:

Bone biology and biomechanics
Skeletal health and fragility fracture
Gut microbiome and bone interactions

Background:

Bone's primary role is mechanical force resistance; impaired performance leads to fragility fractures.
Understanding bone characteristics influencing mechanical performance and fracture risk is crucial.
Bone diseases present a significant clinical challenge due to compromised mechanical function.

Purpose of the Study:

To review bone characteristics affecting mechanical performance and fracture risk.
To examine how bone remodeling and modeling influence mechanically relevant bone traits.
To explore the gut microbiome's potential impact on bone mechanical performance and fragility fracture risk.

Main Methods:

Review of scientific literature on bone biomechanics, remodeling, and the gut microbiome.
Analysis of bone characteristics at multiple scales (nanometers to centimeters).
Examination of proposed mechanisms by which the gut microbiome influences bone.

Main Results:

Bone's resistance to fragility fracture depends on tissue characteristics across various scales.
Bone remodeling and modeling affect overall bone shape and density.
The gut microbiome may influence bone via nutrient absorption, immune stimulation, or microbial translocation.

Conclusions:

While the microbiome can alter bone density and remodeling, its direct impact on tissue material properties, whole bone strength, and fragility fracture requires further investigation.
Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking the gut microbiome to bone mechanical integrity and fracture prevention.