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Related Concept Videos

Plasticizers01:31

Plasticizers

385
Water-reducers, or plasticizers, are chemical admixtures used in concrete to improve strength and workability. These additives reduce the water-cement ratio without compromising workability, lower the cement content while maintaining the same workability, or increase workability to assist concrete placement in inaccessible areas.
Plasticizers function by using surface-active agents to create repulsive electrostatic forces between cement particles. This dispersion enhances the concrete's...
385
Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

376
Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
376
Retarders01:19

Retarders

287
Retarders are chemical admixtures designed to extend the setting time, which is especially useful when there is a delay in sequential concrete pours to prevent cold joints and to achieve a cohesive structure. Retarders, when used in appropriate amounts, can also enhance the architectural appearance of exposed aggregate finishes.
The function of retarders is to delay the setting of concrete, and this effect can be measured using a penetration test. The retardation process involves adding...
287
Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability

317
This example deals with managing the workability of concrete for a raft foundation project under hot weather conditions. Workability is crucial for ensuring the concrete is easy to place, compact, and finish. In this scenario, a slump test — a common method to measure the workability of fresh concrete — initially indicated low workability. This was attributed to the rapid water loss from the concrete mix, exacerbated by the high temperatures causing the course aggregates to heat up.
317
Fiber Reinforced Concrete01:22

Fiber Reinforced Concrete

435
Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
435
Hot Weather Concreting01:20

Hot Weather Concreting

327
Concreting at elevated temperatures accelerates the hydration process, leading to quicker setting but potentially reducing the long-term strength of the concrete structure. Additionally, low air humidity fosters rapid moisture loss from the concrete, resulting in reduced workability, pronounced plastic shrinkage, and a higher likelihood of crazing.
Mitigating the heat increase in concrete can be economically achieved by shading aggregate stockpiles to prevent heating from solar radiation,...
327

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

The Effect of Construction and Demolition Waste Plastic Fractions on Wood-Polymer Composite Properties
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A Study on the Reuse of Plastic Concrete Using Extended Set-Retarding Admixtures.

Colin Lobo1, William F Guthrie2, Raghu Kacker2

  • 1National Ready Mixed Concrete Association, 900 Spring Street, Silver Spring, MD 20910.

Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology
|November 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Ready-mix concrete producers can reuse returned plastic concrete by using set-retarding admixtures. Stabilizers allow for incorporating up to 50% treated concrete, optimizing dosage for desired properties without significantly impacting strength or shrinkage.

Keywords:
drying shrinkageenvironmental issuesextended set-retardersready mixed concreterecyclingreturned plastic concretesetting timestabilizing admixturesstrengthwash water

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Area of Science:

  • Construction Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering in Civil Engineering

Background:

  • Disposal of ready-mixed concrete truck wash water and returned plastic concrete presents environmental and economic challenges for the industry.
  • Extended set-retarding admixtures (stabilizers) have emerged as a solution to manage plastic concrete properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the properties of blended concrete incorporating stabilized plastic concrete.
  • To determine the effects of concrete age, stabilizer dosage, holding period, and treated concrete percentage on blended concrete characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • A statistically designed experiment was employed to test blended concrete properties.
  • Key variables included concrete age at stabilization, stabilizer dosage, holding time, and percentage of treated concrete.
  • Evaluated properties included setting time, strength, and drying shrinkage.

Main Results:

  • Batching 5% treated concrete showed no significant impact on setting time, strength, or drying shrinkage.
  • Batching 50% treated concrete significantly affected setting characteristics and water demand for slump maintenance.
  • Strength and drying shrinkage were primarily functions of water content, aligning with control concrete trends.

Conclusions:

  • Stabilizer dosage can be optimized within a narrow range to achieve desired setting characteristics for treated concrete.
  • The use of stabilized plastic concrete is feasible, with careful consideration of the percentage used and its impact on workability and setting.
  • This approach offers a sustainable solution for managing concrete waste in the ready-mixed concrete industry.