Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

5.2K
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
5.2K
Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

82.3K
During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
82.3K
Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

37.4K
Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...
37.4K
Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

71.3K
Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
Before the start of mitosis and meiosis I, the cell synthesizes DNA, resulting in two homologous copies of each chromosome. DNA synthesis is...
71.3K
Meiosis I01:49

Meiosis I

220.2K
Meiosis is a carefully orchestrated set of cell divisions, the goal of which—in humans—is to produce haploid sperm or eggs, each containing half the number of chromosomes present in somatic cells elsewhere in the body. Meiosis I is the first such division, and involves several key steps, among them: condensation of replicated chromosomes in diploid cells; the pairing of homologous chromosomes and their exchange of information; and finally, the separation of homologous chromosomes by...
220.2K
Meiosis I03:09

Meiosis I

45.0K
Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
45.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Paired CRISPR screens identify mitochondrial metabolism and UBE2H as aneuploid-specific dependencies in human cancer cell lines.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Chromosomal instability promotes cell migration and invasion via EFEMP1 secretion into extracellular vesicles.

The EMBO journal·2026
Same author

Chromosomal instability shapes the tumor microenvironment of esophageal adenocarcinoma via a cGAS-chemokine-myeloid axis.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Mitotic BLM functions are required to maintain genomic stability.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same author

Protein buffering of aneuploidy is driven by coordinated factors identified through machine learning.

Molecular systems biology·2026
Same author

Benchmarking scRNA-seq copy number variation callers.

Nature communications·2025
Same journal

AI in Genomics: From Variant Calling to Multi-Omics Integration.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Rethinking One Health: Microbial Foundations for Ecological Governance.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Biobanked Liver Organoids: A Roadmap for Precision Hepatology.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

The Temporal Architecture of Human Cells: Organelle Clocks and Distributed Circadian Time.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Opposing Activity at the Apical Surface: An Antagonistic Collaboration Between Crumbs and Myosin II Determines Organ Shape.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Hidden Fungal DNA Structures May Shape Sequencing Outcomes.

BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
09:03

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

Published on: August 25, 2019

9.9K

CIN and Aneuploidy: Different Concepts, Different Consequences.

Klaske M Schukken1, Floris Foijer1

  • 1European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|November 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chromosomal instability (CIN) is the process causing chromosome changes, while aneuploidy is the result. Understanding CIN and aneuploidy separately is crucial for cancer research, with CIN rates potentially predicting tumor outcomes.

Keywords:
CINaginganeuploidycancerin vitroin vivo

More Related Videos

Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy on a Semiconductor Based Next-Generation Sequencing Platform
09:30

Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy on a Semiconductor Based Next-Generation Sequencing Platform

Published on: August 17, 2022

3.6K
Generation and Isolation of Cell Cycle-arrested Cells with Complex Karyotypes
05:22

Generation and Isolation of Cell Cycle-arrested Cells with Complex Karyotypes

Published on: April 13, 2018

11.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
09:03

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

Published on: August 25, 2019

9.9K
Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy on a Semiconductor Based Next-Generation Sequencing Platform
09:30

Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy on a Semiconductor Based Next-Generation Sequencing Platform

Published on: August 17, 2022

3.6K
Generation and Isolation of Cell Cycle-arrested Cells with Complex Karyotypes
05:22

Generation and Isolation of Cell Cycle-arrested Cells with Complex Karyotypes

Published on: April 13, 2018

11.1K

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Cancer Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chromosomal instability (CIN) and aneuploidy are key concepts in cell biology and cancer.
  • While related, CIN (the process) and aneuploidy (the result) have distinct implications.
  • Both phenomena can lead to growth defects but are also selected for in cancer cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify the distinct roles of CIN and aneuploidy in biological contexts.
  • To highlight the need for separate assessment of CIN and aneuploidy.
  • To emphasize the importance of in vivo models for studying chromosome mis-segregation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies assessing CIN and aneuploidy.
  • Analysis of the challenges in measuring CIN in vivo.
  • Comparison of aneuploidy quantification versus CIN rate prediction.

Main Results:

  • CIN and aneuploidy have paradoxical roles, promoting defects yet being selected in cancer.
  • Assessing CIN and aneuploidy separately, considering context and rate, offers deeper understanding.
  • Current in vivo measurement of CIN is technically challenging, leading to more frequent aneuploidy quantification.

Conclusions:

  • CIN rates may be more predictive of tumor outcomes than aneuploidy rates alone.
  • There is an urgent need for novel in vivo models to monitor chromosome mis-segregation.
  • Further research into CIN and aneuploidy is critical for advancing cancer treatment strategies.