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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Phenomena

Background:

  • Electron-hole pairing in semimetals can lead to an excitonic insulator state.
  • This state is characterized by a spontaneous gap formation at the Fermi surface, analogous to Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superconductivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide evidence for the formation of an excitonic insulator gap.
  • To investigate this phenomenon in an inverted InAs/GaSb quantum-well system.
  • To explore the potential topological nature of this excitonic insulator phase.

Main Methods:

  • Optical spectroscopic measurements, specifically Terahertz transmission spectra.
  • Electronic transport measurements at low temperatures and low electron-hole densities.
  • Analysis of absorption lines and comparison with BCS gap equation predictions.

Main Results:

  • Terahertz spectra showed two absorption lines consistent with BCS theory predictions for pair-breaking excitations.
  • Electronic transport revealed a bulk gap of approximately 2 meV (~25 K).
  • A critical temperature of approximately 10 K was observed for the bulk gap, alongside quantized edge conductance.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides strong evidence for an excitonic insulator state in the inverted InAs/GaSb quantum-well system.
  • The observed phenomena, including the gap and critical temperature, align with theoretical predictions.
  • Quantized edge conductance suggests the realization of a topological excitonic insulator phase.