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Adaptive Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy
A J Robert McGray1, Jonathan Bramson2
1Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA. bobmcgray@gmail.com.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|December 25, 2017
Summary
Cancer tumors evade immune attack through adaptive resistance, a process where immune suppression scales with the attack. This dynamic interplay impacts immunotherapy effectiveness and tumor outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cancer Research
Background:
- Tumor microenvironment immunosuppression hinders cancer immunotherapy.
- Immune evasion is often viewed as an intrinsic tumor property.
- Emerging evidence suggests immune suppression is triggered by immune attack.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define and examine the concept of adaptive resistance in cancer.
- To explore the dynamic interplay between tumor and host immune system.
- To discuss the clinical implications for cancer immunotherapy.
Main Methods:
- Review of emerging evidence on adaptive resistance.
- Analysis of T cell roles in anti-tumor immunity and suppression.
- Examination of clinical data related to adaptive resistance.
Main Results:
- Adaptive resistance is induced by immune attack, not solely intrinsic to tumors.
- Immune suppression magnitude scales with the intensity of the immune attack.
- T cells play dual roles, promoting both immunity and suppression.
Conclusions:
- Adaptive resistance is a critical factor in determining immunotherapy success.
- Understanding this dynamic interplay is crucial for designing effective cancer treatments.
- Targeting adaptive resistance pathways may enhance anti-tumor responses.
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