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Related Concept Videos

Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

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Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
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What is the Endocrine System?00:46

What is the Endocrine System?

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The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. These signals are produced in endocrine cells, secreted into the extracellular fluid, and then diffuse into the blood. Eventually, they diffuse out of the blood and bind to target cells which have specialized receptors to recognize the hormones.
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The Endocrine System01:29

The Endocrine System

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The endocrine system is an extensive network of glands – organs or tissues in the body that create chemicals that control many bodily functions, that secrete hormones, which are chemical messengers that play essential roles in regulating various bodily functions. These hormones are secreted into the bloodstream and travel throughout the body. They require specific receptors to convey signals to cells possessing these corresponding receptors. This complex signaling mechanism ensures that...
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An Overview of the Endocrine System01:10

An Overview of the Endocrine System

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The endocrine system, a complex network of glands, orchestrates physiological balance within the body through the production and secretion of hormones. These hormones are chemical messengers in intercellular communication, acting as conduits between the secretory cells and distant target sites. They traverse the circulatory system by being released into the extracellular fluid, and their impact is specific to cells possessing receptors for a particular hormone.
The endocrine system collaborates...
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Structures of the Endocrine System00:59

Structures of the Endocrine System

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The intricate framework of the endocrine system encompasses a diverse array of glands, with their target tissues and organs strategically distributed throughout the body. Central to this network are the endocrine glands, specialized structures that lack ducts and release hormones directly into the interstitial fluid. Notably, the hypothalamus, a vital neuroendocrine organ situated in the brain, governs neural functions and serves as a potent source of hormonal regulation. Near the hypothalamus...
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Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System01:08

Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System

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A signaling cascade is a series of events that facilitates the transmission of information within or between cells, culminating in a targeted response in the recipient cell. As chemical messengers, hormones are pivotal in initiating and modulating these intricate signaling cascades based on their solubility.
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, demonstrate an intracellular action. These hormones traverse cell membranes due to their lipid nature. Once inside the target cell, they...
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Identifying premenopausal patients with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer at minimal risk of distant recurrence by breast cancer index.

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Long-term follow-up confirms patients with high-risk breast lesions can be successfully managed at a multidisciplinary conferences.

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A Mouse Model of Incompletely Resected Soft Tissue Sarcoma for Testing Neoadjuvant Therapies
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Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy.

Rena Shah1, Ruth M O'Regan2

  • 1University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, USA.

Cancer Treatment and Research
|January 20, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hormonal therapy improves outcomes for early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Further molecular studies are needed to personalize treatment choices and duration for better patient results.

Keywords:
AdjuvantAromatase inhibitorsBreast cancerEndocrine therapyHormone therapyMolecular profilingTamoxifen

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hormonal therapy significantly enhances outcomes for patients diagnosed with early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
  • Treatment selection is influenced by menopausal status, patient preferences, and potential adverse effects.
  • Current molecular profiling enables some degree of personalized treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of hormonal therapy in early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.
  • To highlight the need for further molecular research to optimize individualized treatment decisions.
  • To discuss the potential of emerging targeted therapies in improving patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on hormonal therapy and molecular profiling in breast cancer.
  • Analysis of factors influencing treatment choice and duration.
  • Discussion of ongoing clinical trials evaluating novel targeted agents.

Main Results:

  • Hormonal therapy is a cornerstone treatment for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, improving survival rates.
  • Personalization of therapy is partially achieved through molecular profiling, but limitations remain.
  • CDK4/6 inhibitors are under investigation as a promising addition to standard therapy.

Conclusions:

  • While hormonal therapy has advanced breast cancer care, further molecular investigation is crucial for precise individualization of adjuvant therapy.
  • Optimizing the choice and duration of hormonal treatment, potentially with targeted agents, is key to further improving outcomes.
  • Continued research into targeted therapies like CDK4/6 inhibitors holds promise for enhancing treatment efficacy in this patient population.