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Multiphoton Microscopy for Caries Detection with ICDAS Classification.

Amel Slimani1, Delphine Tardivo2, Ivan V Panayotov1

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|March 7, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) offers a new way to detect early dental caries. The ratio of second-harmonic generation (SHG) to two-photon excitation fluorescence (2PEF) signals from collagen effectively monitors organic matrix changes in dentin during caries progression.

Keywords:
Caries detectionDemineralizationDiagnostic systemsMultiphoton microscopyPreventive dentistry

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Dental Research
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Dentin carious lesions involve demineralization and collagen denaturation, altering dentin's organic matrix.
  • Collagen type I, the primary dentin protein, exhibits unique optical properties.
  • Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) utilizes nonlinear optical techniques like two-photon excitation fluorescence (2PEF) and second-harmonic generation (SHG) to image biological tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of nonlinear optical spectroscopy (NLOS) for detecting early-stage dentin carious lesions.
  • To correlate measurable nonlinear optical signals with the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) classification.
  • To evaluate the efficiency of MPM-based optical signals for clinical caries detection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Multiphoton Microscopy (MPM) to measure nonlinear optical signals, specifically 2PEF and SHG, from dentin.
  • Applied nonlinear optical spectroscopy (NLOS) to analyze the optical properties of dentin during the caries process.
  • Correlated SHG/2PEF signal ratios with histological findings and ICDAS classifications (ICDAS 0-6).

Main Results:

  • Significant alterations in 2PEF and SHG intensities were observed in enamel and dentin during caries progression.
  • The ratio of SHG/2PEF was identified as a relevant indicator of organic matrix denaturation.
  • A statistically significant decrease in the SHG/2PEF ratio was observed across three defined groups (ICDAS 0/1, ICDAS 2/3, ICDAS 4/5/6), enabling clear description of the carious process.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlinear optical microscopy, particularly the SHG/2PEF ratio, provides a quantitative method for monitoring dentin carious lesion states.
  • This technique shows promise for early caries detection and assessment, potentially complementing existing clinical methods like ICDAS.
  • The study establishes a strong correlation between nonlinear optical parameters and the severity of dentin caries.