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[Acute emergencies in oncology].

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PubMed
Summary

Dermato-oncological emergencies, often seen in malignant melanoma patients, require specialized interdisciplinary care. This includes managing symptoms from metastases and treatment side effects for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Dermato-oncologyEmergencyEmergency careMalignant melanomaSupportive care

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Dermato-oncological emergencies are complex and frequently observed in patients with malignant melanoma.
  • Prolonged survival rates in advanced disease, due to novel therapies, increase the incidence of these emergencies.
  • Patients present with diverse symptoms including nausea, neurological deficits, gastrointestinal issues, and respiratory distress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of acute organ-specific emergencies in dermato-oncology.
  • To offer recommendations for medical treatment and therapeutic decision-making.
  • To summarize supportive care strategies for severely ill patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and guidelines from medical societies.
  • Analysis of common emergency presentations in dermato-oncology.
  • Synthesis of interdisciplinary approaches for managing complex cases.

Main Results:

  • Identified a broad spectrum of emergencies including those related to metastases and therapeutic side effects.
  • Highlighted the need for interdisciplinary collaboration in treatment planning (surgery, radiotherapy, medical therapy).
  • Outlined recommendations for supportive care, including pain management, nutritional support, dronabinol for appetite loss, and antipruritic therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of dermato-oncological emergencies necessitates a multidisciplinary approach.
  • Standardized emergency protocols combined with tailored supportive care are crucial for optimizing patient outcomes.
  • This article serves as a succinct guide to frequently encountered emergencies, referencing detailed medical society guidelines.