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Survivability of Existing Peripheral Intravenous Access Following Blood Sampling in a Pediatric Population

Sheree W O'Neil1, Mary Ann Friesen2, Debra Stanger1

  • 1Inova Loudoun Hospital, Leesburg, VA, United States.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|March 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Blood sampling from peripheral intravenous accesses (PIVs) in children is a safe and effective alternative to venipuncture. This method preserves PIV functionality, reducing patient pain and distress.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nursing
  • Clinical Practice
  • Patient Safety

Background:

  • Venipuncture is a primary source of fear for hospitalized children.
  • Blood sampling via peripheral intravenous access (PIV) is not a standard procedure.
  • Concerns exist that PIV blood draws may compromise access integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of blood sampling on PIV functionality in pediatric inpatients.
  • To determine the success rate of obtaining blood samples from existing PIVs.
  • To identify factors influencing successful blood collection from PIVs.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study involving 100 pediatric inpatients with existing PIVs.
  • PIVs were assessed for functionality, infiltration, occlusion, and dislodgement post-collection and at 4 hours.
  • Statistical analyses, including chi-square and logistic regression, examined associations between patient/PIV characteristics and sampling success.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral intravenous access survivability was high at 99%.
  • Successful blood specimen collection from PIVs was achieved in 76% of attempts.
  • PIV age and access site significantly influenced successful blood sampling, while PIV gauge and patient age did not.

Conclusions:

  • Blood sampling from PIVs is a viable technique to minimize painful procedures for pediatric patients.
  • High PIV survivability and successful collection rates support PIV blood draws as a beneficial practice.
  • Implementation of PIV blood sampling in a pediatric department reduced venipuncture, saving time and distress for nurses, patients, and families.
Abstract

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