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Updated: Feb 13, 2026

Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors
Published on: February 10, 2014
High optical gain in erbium-doped potassium double tungstate channel waveguide amplifiers
Abstract:
We report on the optical-gain properties of channel waveguides patterned into lattice-matched KGdxLuyEr1-x-y(WO4)2 layers grown onto undoped KY(WO4)2 substrates by liquid phase epitaxy. A systematic investigation of gain is performed for five different Er3+ concentrations in the range of 0.75 to 10at.% and different pump powers and signal wavelengths. In pump-probe-beam experiments, relative internal gain, i.e., signal enhancement minus absorption loss of light propagating in the channel waveguide, is experimentally demonstrated, with a maximum value of 12 ± 5 dB/cm for signals at the peak-emission wavelength of 1534.7 nm.
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