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Technique for two-dimensional displacement field determination using a reliability-guided spatial-gradient-based

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    This study presents a new optical flow algorithm for precise in-plane displacement measurement. It achieves sub-pixel accuracy, ensuring reliable deformation analysis in experimental mechanics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Experimental Mechanics
    • Optical Measurement Techniques
    • Digital Image Correlation

    Background:

    • Accurate measurement of in-plane displacement fields is crucial for understanding material behavior under stress.
    • Existing optical methods often face challenges with accuracy and computational efficiency.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel algorithm for precise in-plane displacement field measurement.
    • To enhance accuracy and computational efficiency in deformation analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • A linear illumination model was employed to ensure intensity invariance between images.
    • Image upsampling and a reliability-guided strategy using zero-mean normalized cross-correlation identified matching points with 0.5-pixel accuracy.
    • The brightness constancy and Lucas-Kanade optical flow constraints were combined to form an overdetermined linear equation, solved using a noniterative least-squares algorithm.
    • Multithread calculation was utilized for efficient processing of cracking applications.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method demonstrated sub-pixel accuracy in displacement measurement.
    • Experimental results validated the algorithm's correctness, effectiveness, and robustness.
    • High computing efficiency was achieved through multithread implementation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed optical flow-based algorithm provides a robust and accurate solution for in-plane displacement measurement.
    • The method is suitable for analyzing deformation, particularly in applications involving cracking.
    • The combination of advanced image processing and efficient algorithms ensures reliable and fast deformation analysis.