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Updated: Feb 11, 2026
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Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
Published on: May 24, 2017
12.2K
Effect of electronic cigarettes on human middle ear
Jae-Jun Song1, Yoon Young Go1, Ji Yoen Mun1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Summary
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) harm human middle ear cells, even without nicotine. E-liquid flavorings significantly impact this cytotoxicity, affecting cell viability.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Cell Biology
- Public Health
Background:
- Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are widely used for smoking cessation.
- Their public health impact remains under investigation.
- Human middle ear epithelial cells (HMEECs) are susceptible to e-liquid exposure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cytotoxic effects of e-liquids on HMEECs.
- To analyze trace elements in e-liquids.
- To determine the influence of nicotine and flavoring agents on cytotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 73 e-liquid bottles from 12 manufacturers.
- Evaluation of trace elements (Ni, As, Cd, Pb) in e-liquids.
- Cytotoxicity assays on HMEECs with and without nicotine.
Main Results:
- Trace elements including nickel, arsenic, cadmium, and lead were detected.
- E-liquids reduced HMEEC viability, with an average IC50 of 2.48%.
- Menthol-flavored e-liquids showed significant cytotoxicity (average IC50 of 1.85%).
Conclusions:
- E-cigarettes reduce human middle ear cell viability, independent of nicotine.
- Flavoring agents in e-liquids contribute to their cytotoxicity.
- Cytotoxicity varies by manufacturer and solvent composition.
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