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Vaccinia Virus Protein C6: A Multifunctional Interferon Antagonist
1Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK. gls37@cam.ac.uk.
Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 23, 2018
Summary
Vaccinia virus (VACV) protein C6 is a potent interferon inhibitor. This immunomodulator blocks both interferon production and signaling, impacting the innate immune response to virus infection.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Vaccinia virus (VACV), a prototypic Orthopoxvirus, is known for its role in smallpox eradication.
- VACV possesses a large dsDNA genome and replicates cytoplasmically.
- Many nonessential VACV genes encode immunomodulators targeting host innate immunity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the function of VACV protein C6 as an inhibitor of interferon.
- To elucidate C6's mechanisms in antagonizing the innate immune response.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on VACV protein C6.
- Analysis of C6's role in interferon production and signaling pathways.
Main Results:
- VACV protein C6 is a multifunctional inhibitor of interferon.
- C6 actively diminishes interferon production.
- C6 inhibits interferon-induced signaling and the expression of interferon-stimulated genes.
Conclusions:
- VACV protein C6 significantly dampens the host's innate antiviral defenses.
- Understanding C6's function provides insights into poxvirus immune evasion strategies.
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