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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum optics
    • Laser physics
    • Nonlinear optics

    Background:

    • Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are crucial nonlinear optical devices.
    • Orbital angular momentum (OAM) offers unique properties for light manipulation.
    • Controlling spatial modes in OPOs is essential for advanced applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of injected orbital angular momentum on OPO dynamics.
    • To explore the controllable distinguishability of spatial modes in down-converted beams.
    • To experimentally validate the theoretical predictions of OAM-driven OPO behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing a driven optical parametric oscillator.
    • Injecting a seed beam with orbital angular momentum.
    • Adiabatically transforming the injected mode on the Poincaré sphere.
    • Analyzing the spatial modes of the down-converted beam.

    Main Results:

    • The down-converted beam's spatial mode follows a path dictated by Poincaré sphere symmetry.
    • A nontrivial symmetry governs the OAM-induced dynamics.
    • Controllable distinguishability between spatial modes of the down-converted beams is achieved.

    Conclusions:

    • Injected OAM provides a powerful tool for controlling spatial mode distinguishability in OPOs.
    • The observed symmetry offers a novel mechanism for mode manipulation.
    • Experimental evidence confirms the predicted behavior, opening avenues for OAM-based optical technologies.