Pseudohypoxic Brain Swelling After Elective Lumbar Spinal Surgery: Case Report

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Neurology
• Radiology

Background:

• Postoperative intracranial hypotension-associated venous congestion, previously termed pseudohypoxic brain swelling, is a rare complication.
• It can occur after both brain and spine surgeries.

Observation:

• The mechanism involves rapid cerebrospinal fluid drainage, leading to venous congestion in the brain.
• Clinical and radiographic findings resemble those of anoxic brain injury.

Findings:

• This report presents the third documented case of postoperative intracranial hypotension-associated venous congestion.
• The complication occurred specifically after spinal surgery.

Implications:

• Recognizing this rare complication is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
• Understanding the pathophysiology aids in differentiating it from other neurological injuries.