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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Anterior Neck01:26

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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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The back muscles that lie deep into the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic or true back muscles. These muscles are divided into four layers: superficial, intermediate, deep, and deepest layers.
Superficial Layer:
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The stability and compatibility of column material with samples are crucial for efficient purification in chromatographic techniques. Various operating parameters such as pH, temperature, or solvent affect the packing of the column material, thereby determining the purification efficiency. The choice of column material also plays an essential role in deciding the operating parameters and can be modified based on the proteins that need to be purified.
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Glycolysis is divided into two phases based on whether energy is utilized or released. While the first phase consumes ATP, the second phase produces energy in the form of ATP and NADH. The energy is released over a sequence of reactions that turns G3P into pyruvate. The energy-releasing phase—steps 6-10 of glycolysis—occurs twice, once for each of the two 3-carbon sugars produced during steps 1-5 of the first phase.
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The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...
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Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
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Anterior Column Release/Realignment.

David S Xu1, Jason Paluzzi2, Adam S Kanter3

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, 350 West Thomas Road, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA.

Neurosurgery Clinics of North America
|June 24, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lateral anterior column release (ACR) allows greater surgical control during minimally invasive spinal fusion. This technique enables significant lordosis restoration for effective spinal deformity correction.

Keywords:
MISOsteotomyScoliosisSpine deformitySpine surgeryXLIF

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Area of Science:

  • Spine surgery
  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Minimally invasive spinal techniques

Background:

  • Minimally invasive spinal surgery aims to reduce patient morbidity.
  • Achieving global sagittal realignment often requires extensive spinal osteotomies.
  • Anterior column release (ACR) is an extension of lateral lumbar interbody fusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the technique and utility of lateral anterior column release (ACR).
  • To evaluate ACR's role in achieving sagittal realignment in spinal deformities.
  • To assess ACR's contribution to minimally invasive spinal correction strategies.

Main Methods:

  • ACR involves dividing the anterior longitudinal ligament during lateral lumbar interbody fusion.
  • This allows manipulation of the anterior and middle spinal columns.
  • Combined with posterior column releases, ACR facilitates sagittal realignment.

Main Results:

  • ACR provides enhanced surgical control over spinal column manipulation.
  • Significant segmental lordosis restoration is achievable with ACR.
  • Global sagittal realignment comparable to traditional 3-column osteotomies can be attained.

Conclusions:

  • Lateral anterior column release is a valuable technique for minimally invasive spinal deformity correction.
  • ACR enables substantial restoration of lordosis and sagittal alignment.
  • This procedure supports the increasing use of minimally invasive approaches in spine surgery.