Altered DNA Methylation of Long Noncoding RNA uc.167 Inhibits Cell Differentiation in Heart Development
Anwen Yin1, Mengwen Feng1, Zijie Cheng1
1Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Biomed Research International
|July 14, 2018
Summary
Uc.167 influences embryonic development by altering DNA methylation patterns. Overexpression of uc.167 impacts gene methylation, affecting cell differentiation pathways like focal adhesion and Rap1 signaling.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Epigenetics
- Genomics
Background:
- DNA methylation is critical for regulating gene expression during embryonic development.
- Uc.167 has a demonstrated role in heart development.
- Understanding methylation changes associated with uc.167 is essential for elucidating its developmental functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the methylomic landscape associated with uc.167 overexpression in P19 cells.
- To identify specific DNA methylation alterations induced by uc.167.
- To explore the functional consequences of these methylation changes on developmental pathways.
Main Methods:
- Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) was employed to assess DNA methylation status.
- Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses were performed on differentially methylated genes.
- P19 cells were utilized to model early embryonic differentiation.
Main Results:
- Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were predominantly found in intergenic regions and introns.
- Uc.167 overexpression was linked to the focal adhesion and Rap1 signaling pathways.
- MEF2C expression was significantly reduced in cells overexpressing uc.167.
Conclusions:
- Uc.167 affects P19 cell differentiation through alterations in DNA methylation.
- The observed decrease in MEF2C suggests a mechanism by which uc.167 influences differentiation.
- These findings highlight the epigenetic regulatory role of uc.167 in embryonic development.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Development of the Heart
2.5K
The development of the human heart, a crucial organ, commences from the mesoderm on the 18th or 19th day after fertilization. This process initiates in the cardiogenic area, a group of mesodermal cells at the embryo's head end, which evolves into elongated strands known as cardiogenic cords. These cords undergo a transformation to form hollow-centered endocardial tubes.
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
As the embryo undergoes lateral folding, these paired tubes approach each other, merging into a single primitive heart...
2.5K
02:36RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
11.0K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
11.0K
02:53Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
14.9K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
14.9K
00:46Feedback Inhibition
57.2K
Biochemical reactions are occurring constantly in cells, converting starting substances to different products, usually with the help of enzymes that speed the reactions. Without enzymes, it would take far too long for most reactions to occur to be useful to the cell!
57.2K
02:23RNA Editing
9.9K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.9K
02:57DNA-only Transposons
17.5K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
17.5K