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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands01:17

Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands

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The adrenal or supra-renal glands, situated above the kidneys and aligned with the twelfth rib, are paired pyramid-shaped structures crucial for the body's stress response. During stress, these glands secrete hormones vital for adaptive physiological reactions.
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct...
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Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
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Hormones of the Adrenal Glands01:31

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Adrenal hormones play a pivotal role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance and orchestrating responses to stress, showcasing the intricate functions of the adrenal cortex and medulla.
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
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Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla01:27

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The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
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Characteristics of Practical Op Amps01:16

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A difference amplifier, a crucial component in numerous electronic devices, ideally amplifies only the difference-mode signal, which is the difference between two input signals. However, in practical circuits, the output voltage depends on both the differential gain and the common-mode gain.
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Theories play an essential role in organizing patient care. Theories refer to a proposed or followed belief, policy, or procedure that is the basis for action. Nursing theories are knowledge-based concepts that guide nurses' actions, influence nursing education and practice, and allow nurses to care for their patients.
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Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Isolation, Fixation, and Immunofluorescence Imaging of Mouse Adrenal Glands
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Practical Approach to Adrenal Imaging.

Khaled M Elsayes1, Sally Emad-Eldin2, Ajaykumar C Morani1

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street Unit 1473, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

The Urologic Clinics of North America
|July 23, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accurate diagnosis of adrenal lesions using imaging is crucial, especially for cancer patients, as adrenal metastasis impacts prognosis and treatment. Key features differentiate benign from malignant adrenal masses.

Keywords:
AdenomaAdrenalAdrenocortical carcinomaComputed tomographyMagnetic resonancePheochromocytoma

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Adrenal gland pathologies require accurate diagnosis for proper patient management.
  • Noninvasive cross-sectional imaging is the primary modality for evaluating adrenal masses.
  • Distinguishing benign from malignant adrenal lesions is critical, particularly in oncology, due to prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the spectrum of adrenal pathologies.
  • To highlight key imaging features for characterizing adrenal lesions.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis in cancer patients with adrenal masses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of noninvasive cross-sectional imaging techniques for adrenal lesion evaluation.
  • Analysis of morphologic and physiologic features used in adrenal lesion characterization.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria differentiating benign and malignant adrenal lesions.

Main Results:

  • Adrenal lesion characterization relies on features like lipid, fat, hemorrhage, calcification, necrosis, enhancement patterns, washout values, size, and stability.
  • Imaging findings significantly influence the differentiation between benign and malignant adrenal pathologies.
  • Presence of adrenal metastasis alters patient prognosis and treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate characterization of adrenal lesions via imaging is essential for clinical decision-making.
  • Understanding key imaging features aids in differentiating benign and malignant adrenal masses.
  • The diagnosis of adrenal metastasis is critical for cancer patient management.