Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 7, 2026

Sex Differences in Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes after In-Vitro Ischemia
08:32

Sex Differences in Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes after In-Vitro Ischemia

Published on: October 25, 2016

13.9K

Sex Differences in Regulation of Blood Pressure

Jane F Reckelhoff1

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Women's Health Research Center and The Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA. jreckelhoff@umc.edu.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|July 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

This review explores blood pressure regulation, highlighting key gender differences in hypertension mechanisms observed in both animal and human studies. Understanding these sex-based variations is crucial for cardiovascular health.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Endocrinology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction and stroke.
  • Significant gender disparities exist in hypertension prevalence and underlying mechanisms.
  • Previous research indicates potential sex-based differences in blood pressure regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological mechanisms regulating blood pressure.
  • To examine sex differences in hypertension identified in animal models.
  • To discuss gender differences in human hypertension.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on blood pressure regulation.
  • Analysis of animal research investigating sex differences in hypertension.
  • Synthesis of human studies on gender-based hypertension variations.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of the complex mechanisms controlling blood pressure.
  • Identification of specific sex differences in hypertension pathogenesis from animal studies.
  • Compilation of evidence for gender-specific hypertension patterns in humans.

Conclusions:

  • Sex and gender significantly influence hypertension development and progression.
  • Further research into these differences can inform targeted prevention and treatment strategies.
  • Understanding gender-specific mechanisms is vital for managing cardiovascular disease risk.

Keywords:
AndrogensEndothelinEstrogensHypertensionHypogonadismImmune system-mediated hypertensionMetabolic syndromeObesityPostmenopausal women

More Related Videos

In Vitro Method to Study Sex-Based Differences in Conjunctival Goblet Cells06:28

In Vitro Method to Study Sex-Based Differences in Conjunctival Goblet Cells

Published on: July 28, 2023

853
Measuring Blood Pressure in Mice using Volume Pressure Recording, a Tail-cuff Method08:54

Measuring Blood Pressure in Mice using Volume Pressure Recording, a Tail-cuff Method

Published on: May 15, 2009

53.3K

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
4.4K
Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure01:17

Hormonal Regulation of Blood Pressure

Endocrinal or hormonal intervention in the cardiovascular system is predominantly exerted by the catecholamines - epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as a slew of hormones that interact with renal function to modulate blood volume.
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine, catecholamines that enhance and extend the sympathetic or "fight or flight" physiological response. These hormones escalate heart rate and the force of contraction...
6.3K
Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure

The neural regulation of blood pressure involves intricate interactions between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and cardiovascular system, ensuring adequate perfusion of tissues. This regulation primarily occurs through baroreceptor and chemoreceptor reflexes, involving both short-term and long-term mechanisms.
Baroreceptor Reflex
Baroreceptors, located in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch, detect changes in blood pressure. When blood pressure rises, these stretch-sensitive receptors...
7.2K
Blood Pressure01:24

Blood Pressure

The movement of blood in a human body, commonly referred to as blood flow, is determined by the volume of blood that traverses a certain section of the bodily system per unit time. It is the rhythmic contraction of the heart's ventricles that primarily instigates this movement. As the ventricles contract, blood is forced into the prominent arteries, which then flow from areas of greater pressure to lower pressure areas. This movement continues into smaller arteries and arterioles and...
10.2K
Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the...
4.8K
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a...
3.2K