A novel laboratory-based hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy system.

Area of Science:

• Surface Science
• Materials Science
• Spectroscopy

Background:

• Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES) is a powerful surface analysis technique.
• Current HAXPES systems are primarily large, synchrotron-based facilities, limiting accessibility.
• High X-ray intensity is crucial due to low photoionization cross sections.

Purpose of the Study:

• To introduce a novel laboratory-based HAXPES instrument.
• To demonstrate its capabilities for surface and bulk material analysis.
• To present the instrument's performance and potential for wider application.

Main Methods:

• Development of a laboratory instrument with 9.25 keV monochromated X-rays.
• Utilizing a microfocused 30 × 45 μm² X-ray spot.
• Performing stable measurements under grazing incidence conditions.

Main Results:

• Achieved excellent energy resolution below 500 meV.
• Demonstrated good X-ray intensity suitable for various applications.
• Successfully conducted bulk and multilayer measurements.

Conclusions:

• The new laboratory HAXPES system offers a viable alternative to synchrotron facilities.
• This instrument expands the accessibility and scope of HAXPES experiments.
• It is expected to increase the number and diversity of future HAXPES studies.