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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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What is Cancer?02:12

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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

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Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
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Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples
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Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples

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Prostate Cancer Markers.

Adam J Gadzinski1, Matthew R Cooperberg2

  • 1Department of Urology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Cancer Treatment and Research
|September 1, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Prostate cancer biomarkers improve risk assessment for high-grade disease and predict outcomes like recurrence and mortality. While not yet prospectively validated for treatment selection, ongoing research aims for truly predictive biomarkers.

Keywords:
4KscoreAnalytic validityBiomarkersCLIA-LDTClinical validityDecipherMolDXPhiPredictive biomarkerProMarkProlarisProstate-specific antigenRisk calculatorsSerum markersUrinary markers

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Urology

Background:

  • Diagnostic biomarkers from blood, urine, or prostate tissue enhance risk assessment for high-grade prostate cancer beyond clinical calculators.
  • Post-diagnosis, prostate cancer biopsy markers prognosticate outcomes such as adverse pathology, recurrence, and mortality, though clinical utility for patient decisions is sometimes unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the role of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in prostate cancer management.
  • To assess the added value of biomarkers over existing clinical calculators for predicting outcomes.
  • To highlight the need for prospective validation of biomarkers for treatment selection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer.
  • Analysis of biomarker utility in risk stratification and outcome prediction using blood, urine, and tissue samples.
  • Comparison of biomarker performance against established clinical calculators.

Main Results:

  • Biomarkers provide valuable information for detecting high-grade prostate cancer and predicting outcomes like recurrence and mortality.
  • Prostatectomy specimen markers offer additional prognostic data beyond current multivariable calculators.
  • Current biomarkers lack prospective validation for predicting improved outcomes with specific therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Prostate cancer biomarkers are crucial for risk assessment and prognostication.
  • Further research is needed to develop prospectively validated predictive biomarkers for guiding prostate cancer treatment decisions.