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A circular echo planar sequence for fast volumetric fMRI.

Christoph Rettenmeier1, Danilo Maziero1, Yongxian Qian2

  • 1Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|October 2, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new circular EPI (CEPI) sequence and reconstruction method enable faster fMRI imaging with parallel acceleration. This technique achieves high temporal resolution for robust BOLD fMRI activation detection.

Keywords:
BOLD fMRIecho planar imagingsimultaneous multi-slice excitation

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Background:

  • Standard Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) is crucial for fMRI but can be limited by speed and image quality.
  • Parallel imaging acceleration techniques are vital for enhancing fMRI temporal resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a circular EPI (CEPI) sequence.
  • To demonstrate a generalized EPI reconstruction for fast fMRI with parallel imaging acceleration.

Main Methods:

  • CEPI acquisition utilized variable readout lengths, maximum ramp sampling, and blipped-CAIPI z-gradient encoding for simultaneous multislice (SMS) and 3D imaging.
  • Iterative image reconstruction with a signal model addressed ghosting.
  • Experiments included simulations, phantom studies, and human fMRI at 3T with a 52-channel coil.

Main Results:

  • CEPI gradients (27 ms duration, 22-cm FOV, 64x64 resolution) in SMS and 3D acquisitions yielded image quality comparable to standard Cartesian EPI.
  • Parallel imaging enabled robust BOLD fMRI activation detection with temporal sampling as low as 275 ms.
  • High temporal resolution improved activation statistics but increased noise and aliasing; un-accelerated 3D acquisition showed temporal instability.

Conclusions:

  • Nonuniform sampling and generalized reconstructions are applicable to EPI, including blipped-CAIPI sequences.
  • The developed CEPI gradients support both SMS and 3D acquisitions with consistent coverage.