Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.8K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.8K
Specific Heat01:16

Specific Heat

67.5K
The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celcius. Specific heat capacity is often represented in calories (cal), grams (g), and degrees Celsius (oC), but can also be expressed in joules (J), kilograms (kg), and Kelvin (K), among other units.
For example, increasing the temperature of one gram of water by 1°C requires one calorie of heat energy and can be written as 1 cal/g-°C, or...
67.5K
Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity and Compressibility of Fluid01:27

Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity and Compressibility of Fluid

1.6K
Density, specific weight, specific gravity, and compressibility are fundamental properties of fluids. Density is the mass per unit volume, characterizing the mass of a fluid system. It influences buoyancy, pressure, flow dynamics, viscosity, thermal conductivity, and sound propagation. For instance, in pipeline design, accurate density measurements ensure that the pipeline can handle the fluid's mass.
Specific weight represents the weight per unit volume and is calculated by multiplying...
1.6K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

16.5K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
16.5K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

5.6K
5.6K
Clinically Relevant Drug Product Specifications: Methods of Establishment01:29

Clinically Relevant Drug Product Specifications: Methods of Establishment

219
Product specifications define the acceptable quality of a pharmaceutical product by ensuring identity, purity, potency, and strength. These specifications serve as benchmarks during development, manufacturing, and post-approval quality control. Clinically relevant specifications are particularly important because they directly relate to a drug's safety and efficacy in clinical use.Dissolution studies are critical biopharmaceutic tools that link in vitro behavior to in vivo performance. They...
219

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Economic implications of FDA platelet bacterial guidance compliance options: Comparison of single-step strategies.

Transfusion·2022
Same author

Economic Analyses of Pathogen-Reduction Technologies in Blood Transfusion: A Systematic Literature Review.

Applied health economics and health policy·2021
Same author

Intravenous vitamin K as a cause of bright yellow plasma discoloration.

Transfusion·2019
Same author

Regulatory requirements need to specifically address prehospital transfusion programs.

Transfusion·2019
Same author

Authors' Reply to Mintz: "Economic Implications of Pathogen Reduced and Bacterially Tested Platelet Components: A US Hospital Budget Impact Model".

Applied health economics and health policy·2019
Same author

Bacterial contamination of platelets for transfusion: strategies for prevention.

Critical care (London, England)·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Production of Nurr-1 Specific Polyclonal Antibodies Free of Cross-reactivity Against Its Close Homologs, Nor1 and Nur77
12:30

Production of Nurr-1 Specific Polyclonal Antibodies Free of Cross-reactivity Against Its Close Homologs, Nor1 and Nur77

Published on: August 17, 2015

7.9K

Method-specific and unexplained reactivity in automated solid-phase testing and their association with specific

Mary E Harach1, Joy M Gould2, Rosemary P Brown3

  • 1Quality Assurance Coordinator, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Department of Transfusion Medicine.

Immunohematology
|October 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study found that unexplained reactivity and nonspecific reactivity occur in solid-phase antibody testing and can persist. In some cases, unexplained reactivity was replaced by a specific antibody upon follow-up.

More Related Videos

A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants
07:26

A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants

Published on: January 1, 2016

14.2K
Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
10:31

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

Published on: October 25, 2018

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Production of Nurr-1 Specific Polyclonal Antibodies Free of Cross-reactivity Against Its Close Homologs, Nor1 and Nur77
12:30

Production of Nurr-1 Specific Polyclonal Antibodies Free of Cross-reactivity Against Its Close Homologs, Nor1 and Nur77

Published on: August 17, 2015

7.9K
A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants
07:26

A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants

Published on: January 1, 2016

14.2K
Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies
10:31

Antigenic Liposomes for Generation of Disease-specific Antibodies

Published on: October 25, 2018

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • The detection of antibodies in blood transfusions faces a challenge in balancing sensitivity and specificity.
  • No current method perfectly identifies all clinically significant antibodies while excluding insignificant ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of unexplained reactivity (UR) and nonspecific reactivity (NS) in solid-phase antibody testing.
  • To investigate the persistence of UR and NS and the subsequent development of specific antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study analyzed antibody detection tests from a single center over two years.
  • Two automated solid-phase instruments were used with a standard three-cell antibody detection test.
  • Antibody identification involved solid-phase panels, supplemented with a polyethylene glycol tube method when necessary.

Main Results:

  • Of 1905 eligible samples, 52.4% had specific antibodies only, 22.5% had UR only, and 11.9% had both antibodies and UR.
  • Nonspecific reactivity was observed in 10.8% of cases (NS only) and 1.3% (Ab and NS).
  • Follow-up testing showed specific antibodies replacing UR in 3% of cases and NS in 3% of cases. Persistent UR was noted in six patients, while persistent NS did not develop specific antibodies.

Conclusions:

  • Unexplained reactivity and nonspecific reactivity are common findings in solid-phase antibody testing.
  • Both UR and NS can persist during follow-up testing.
  • Specific antibodies can emerge, sometimes replacing UR, but NS typically does not evolve into a specific antibody.