Bonding Evaluation Between Nanotube by Anodic Oxidation and Machined Dental Titanium Implant in Beagle Dog

This study is to evaluate the bonding test between nanotube surface and machined dental titanium implant during the clinical procedure in beagle dog. A total of 24 screw-shaped implants (4 mm in diameter and 8.5 mm in length) were used. The implants were classified into 2 groups (n = 12): machined surface (M group) and nano surface which is nanotube formation on the machined surface (MA group). Anodic oxidation was performed at a 20 V for 10 min with 1 M H₃PO₄ and 1.5 wt% HF solutions. The implant were installed on beagle dog's humerus. After 4 and 12 weeks later, the beagle dog is sacrificed and the implant were removed with torque force. The removed implant was evaluated by SEM and EDX to observe the implant surface and nanotube's deformation. By investigating removed implant surfaces using SEM and EDX, M group was partially covered with bone, and MA groups were completely covered with bone. Nanotube was not shown any deformity. It indicated that nanotube showed good bonding stability with dental titanium implant.