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Selective Uropathogenic E. coli Detection Using Crossed Surface-Relief Gratings.

Srijit Nair1, Juan Gomez-Cruz2,3, Ángel Manjarrez-Hernandez4,5

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. srijit.nair@queensu.ca.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Summary

This study introduces a new optical sensor using crossed surface-relief gratings for rapid, label-free detection of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), a common cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This technology promises affordable point-of-care UTI diagnostics.

Keywords:
biosensingcrossed surface-relief gratingsnanoplasmonicssurface plasmon resonancesurface-relief gratingsurinary tract infectionuropathogenic E. coli

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Sensing

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant global health issue, often caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC).
  • Rising antimicrobial resistance necessitates rapid and accurate UPEC detection methods.
  • Current diagnostic approaches can be slow and costly, hindering timely treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a real-time, selective, and label-free detection platform for UPEC.
  • To utilize crossed surface-relief gratings (CSRGs) as nanometallic sensors for enhanced sensitivity.
  • To create an inexpensive point-of-care diagnostic tool for UTIs.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of CSRGs into an optical sensing platform for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection.
  • Experimental validation using bulk refractive index (RI) measurements to determine sensitivity and resolution.
  • Demonstration of selective UPEC capture and detection in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) against other Gram-negative bacteria.

Main Results:

  • The platform achieved a bulk sensitivity of 382.2 nm/RIU and a resolution of 10-6 RIU.
  • Real-time, selective detection of UPEC was demonstrated for the first time using CSRGs.
  • The detection limit for UPEC was 10⁵ CFU/mL, with a dynamic range of four orders of magnitude.

Conclusions:

  • CSRG-based optical sensing offers a promising approach for rapid and accurate UPEC detection.
  • This technology can facilitate the development of cost-effective point-of-care devices for UTI diagnosis.
  • Improved UTI diagnostics can aid in effective treatment and reduce the burden of recurrent infections.