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Updated: Feb 3, 2026

Three-dimensional Particle Tracking Velocimetry for Turbulence Applications: Case of a Jet Flow
Published on: February 27, 2016
Extracting the turbulent flow-field from beam emission spectroscopy images using velocimetry
D M Kriete1, G R McKee1, R J Fonck1
1Department of Engineering Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
Abstract:
The 2D turbulent E × B flow-field is inferred from density fluctuation images obtained with the beam emission spectroscopy diagnostic on DIII-D using the orthogonal dynamic programming velocimetry algorithm. A synthetic turbulence model is used to test the algorithm and optimize it for measuring zonal flows. Zonal flow measurements are found to require a signal-to-noise ratio above ∼10 and a zonal flow wavelength longer than ∼2 cm. Comparison between the velocimetry-estimated flow-field and the E × B flow-field using a nonlinear gyrokinetic GENE simulation finds that the flow-fields have identical spatial structure and differ only by the mean turbulence phase velocity, which is spatially uniform in this flux tube simulation.
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