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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells01:12

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

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The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
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Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

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Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Maintenance of the ES Cell State01:14

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The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
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Adult Stem Cells01:33

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Mouse Epidermal Neural Crest Stem Cell EPI-NCSC Cultures
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Multi-tasking epidermal stem cells: Beyond epidermal maintenance.

Hironobu Fujiwara1, Ko Tsutsui1, Ritsuko Morita1

  • 1RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe, Japan.

Development, Growth & Differentiation
|November 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epidermal stem cells are diverse and compartmentalized, crucial for skin homeostasis. Recent findings show these stem cells also form niches for other cells, creating functional skin units.

Keywords:
epithelial-mesenchymal interactionfunctional unit formationnicheskinstem cell heterogeneity

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Multiple stem cell compartments exist in the epidermis, each with unique properties.
  • Stem cell heterogeneity and compartmentalization are vital for maintaining epidermal homeostasis.
  • These stem cell pools differ in gene expression, proliferation, and location.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of epidermal stem cell heterogeneity beyond homeostasis.
  • To investigate how diverse stem cell populations influence neighboring cells.
  • To understand the formation of functional epidermal-dermal units.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on epidermal stem cell biology.
  • Analysis of stem cell transcriptional properties and anatomical locations.
  • Investigation of stem cell niche interactions.

Main Results:

  • Epidermal stem cells exhibit significant heterogeneity and compartmentalization.
  • These stem cells function as niches for adjacent cells.
  • This interaction establishes patterned epidermal-dermal functional units.

Conclusions:

  • Stem cell heterogeneity and compartmentalization are fundamental to epidermal homeostasis.
  • Epidermal stem cells actively shape their microenvironment, influencing neighboring cells.
  • This reveals a broader biological significance of stem cell diversity in skin biology.