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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

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Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
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Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction01:26

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...
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Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

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The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
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Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

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AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
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Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

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Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
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Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

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476
In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs...
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Ultrasonography of the Adult Male Urinary Tract for Urinary Functional Testing
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Lower Urinary Tract Neoplasia.

Maureen A Griffin1, William T N Culp2, Robert B Rebhun3

  • 1School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, 1 Garrod Drive, Davis, CA 95616, USA. magriffin@ucdavis.edu.

Veterinary Sciences
|November 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lower urinary tract neoplasia, including transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), affects companion animals. This review covers canine and feline urinary tract tumors, highlighting their aggressive nature and relevance to human cancers.

Keywords:
bladdercarcinomalower urinary tractneoplasiaprostatetransitional cell carcinomaurinary

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Oncology
  • Comparative Pathology

Background:

  • Lower urinary tract neoplasia (LUTN) in companion animals is a significant health concern, often life-threatening.
  • Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most prevalent LUTN in dogs and cats, characterized by aggressive behavior and treatment challenges.
  • While canine TCC is well-documented, feline TCC research is less extensive due to lower incidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on canine and feline lower urinary tract neoplasia.
  • To discuss the comparative relevance of these animal cancers to human counterparts.
  • To highlight the clinical and pathological aspects of TCC and other LUTN in companion animals.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of canine and feline lower urinary tract neoplasia.
  • Analysis of epidemiological, clinical, and pathological data.
  • Comparison of animal models to human prostate and bladder cancer.

Main Results:

  • Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common and aggressive lower urinary tract tumor in dogs and cats.
  • Tumors can invade adjacent urinary tract regions, complicating diagnosis and treatment.
  • Canine and feline prostate adenocarcinomas offer valuable comparative insights for human prostate cancer research.

Conclusions:

  • LUTN, particularly TCC, represents a critical area of veterinary oncology with significant clinical implications.
  • Further research into feline TCC is warranted given its aggressive nature.
  • Canine and feline LUTN serve as important comparative models for understanding and treating similar human malignancies.