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Updated: Feb 1, 2026

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization
Published on: January 29, 2017
Large-Area Organic Solar Cells: Material Requirements, Modular Designs, and Printing Methods
Guodong Wang1,2, Muhammad Abdullah Adil1, Jianqi Zhang1
1CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.
Large-area organic solar cells (OSCs) are advancing rapidly. Efficient thick-film materials, modular designs, and scalable printing methods are key to achieving high power conversion efficiency (PCE) for industrial applications.
Area of Science:
- Organic electronics
- Photovoltaics
- Materials science
Background:
- Large-area organic solar cells (OSCs) are crucial for industrial applications.
- Small-area OSCs approach 15% power conversion efficiency (PCE), while large-area devices exceed 10% PCE.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review progress in large-area OSC fabrication.
- To focus on material requirements, modular designs, and printing methods.
Main Methods:
- Review of material requirements for thick active layer films.
- Analysis of modular designs to mitigate PCE losses.
- Survey of scalable printing techniques (e.g., slot-die, inkjet, gravure).
Main Results:
- Identification of critical material properties for efficient thick films.
- Strategies for minimizing electrical, geometric, and optical losses in large-area devices.
- Overview of various printing methods suitable for scalable OSC production.
Conclusions:
- Combining advanced materials, effective modular designs, and appropriate printing techniques is essential.
- Successful fabrication of large-area OSCs is achievable in the near future.
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