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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 1, 2026

In Vivo Targeting of Neural Progenitor Cells in Ferret Neocortex by In Utero Electroporation

In Vivo Targeting of Neural Progenitor Cells in Ferret Neocortex by In Utero Electroporation

Published on: May 6, 2020

[The Basic Modules of the Neocortex].

Toshihiko Hosoya¹, Nao Nakagawa, Taisuke Yoneda

¹Laboratory for Local Neuronal Circuits, RIKEN Center for Brain Science.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo

|December 8, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mammalian neocortex cell types form a brain-wide lattice of microcolumns. These modular circuits, containing specific neuron types, show synchronized activity and shared responses, organizing cortical processing.

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Last Updated: Feb 1, 2026

In Vivo Targeting of Neural Progenitor Cells in Ferret Neocortex by In Utero Electroporation

In Vivo Targeting of Neural Progenitor Cells in Ferret Neocortex by In Utero Electroporation

Published on: May 6, 2020

Large-scale Three-dimensional Imaging of Cellular Organization in the Mouse Neocortex

Large-scale Three-dimensional Imaging of Cellular Organization in the Mouse Neocortex

Published on: September 5, 2018

Whole Cell Recording from an Organotypic Slice Preparation of Neocortex

Whole Cell Recording from an Organotypic Slice Preparation of Neocortex

Published on: June 3, 2011

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Systems Neuroscience

Background:

The mammalian neocortex has diverse cell types.
The organizational principles of neocortical circuits are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the spatial organization of major cell types in neocortical layer 5.
To determine if neocortical neurons form repeated modular circuits.

Main Methods:

Large-scale three-dimensional imaging of the mammalian neocortex.
Analysis of neuronal cell types, including excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
In vivo electrophysiological recordings to assess neuronal activity and responses.

Main Results:

Major neocortical layer 5 cell types organize into a lattice structure.
Distinct excitatory and inhibitory neurons form cell type-specific radial clusters called microcolumns.
Microcolumns exhibit a hexagonal lattice pattern across wide neocortical regions.
Neurons within microcolumns display synchronized in vivo activity and similar visual response properties (orientation preference, ocular dominance).
Microcolumns are established through gap junction coupling during development and later receive convergent synaptic inputs.

Conclusions:

Neocortical layer 5 neurons are organized into a brain-wide modular system.
This microcolumnar lattice provides a fundamental template for cortical information processing.