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Inhibitory effects of viral infection on cancer development

Dini Rahmatika1, Nanae Kuroda2, Zhang Min1

  • 1Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.

Virology
|December 22, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Productive viral infections can repress cancer development. In a Drosophila model, infection with Drosophila C virus reduced tumor formation by approximately 30%, indicating a potential role for viruses in cancer prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Oncology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • Immune responses to viral infections protect hosts from disease.
  • The interplay between viral infections and cancer development is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of viral infection on tumorigenesis.
  • To determine if viral infections can repress cancer development in a model organism.

Main Methods:

  • Cancer was induced in Drosophila wing imaginal discs by inhibiting apoptosis and cell-cycle checkpoints.
  • Cancer-induced Drosophila larvae and embryos were infected with Drosophila C virus.
  • Wing discs and adult wings were morphologically examined for cancer characteristics.

Main Results:

  • Viral infections led to an approximate 30% reduction in cancer development in wing discs and wings.
  • This inhibitory effect was dependent on productive viral infection; growth-defective viruses did not show similar effects.

Conclusions:

  • Productive viral infections can repress tumorigenesis in Drosophila.
  • Drosophila C virus demonstrates an inhibitory effect on cancer development in this model.
Keywords:
CancerDrosophilaViral infection

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