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Published on: July 15, 2015
CLINICAL, HEMATOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND POLYMORPHISM OF ABO AND Rh BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS IN PLASMA CELL MYELOMA
T F Liubarets1, Zh M Minchenko1, O O Dmytrenko1
1State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Melnykova str., 53, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) patients with Chernobyl accident radiation exposure show distinct clinical and hematological differences. ABO blood group phenotypes, particularly type B, may predict complicated PCM progression and treatment response.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Radiation Medicine
- Immunogenetics
Background:
- Plasma cell myeloma (PCM) is a malignancy of plasma cells.
- The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP) accident exposed survivors to radiation, potentially influencing disease natural history.
- ABO and Rh blood group systems are polymorphic and may be associated with various diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical characteristics and ABO/Rh blood group polymorphism in PCM patients who survived the ChNPP accident.
- To correlate these factors with the natural history and treatment outcomes of PCM in this cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 111 PCM patients (2010-2017) managed at the Department of Radiation Oncohematology.
- Assessment of clinical and laboratory parameters (LDH, β2-microglobulin, albumin, calcium, urea, hemoglobin) stratified by gender, radiation history, and PCM stage (Durie-Salmon, ISS).
- Analysis of ABO and Rh blood group variant distribution in 106 PCM patients.
Main Results:
- Male PCM patients with radiation history showed significantly higher β2-microglobulin and calcium levels.
- Female PCM patients with radiation history had elevated serum urea.
- Increased incidence of the B phenotype was associated with a complicated PCM natural history and chronic renal failure; A phenotype carriers showed prolonged remission with standard treatment.
Conclusions:
- Clinical and hematological parameters in PCM patients differ based on ChNPP accident survival and radiation exposure.
- ABO blood group polymorphism distribution varies in PCM patients with complicated disease, potentially aiding treatment effectiveness prediction.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate these associations and their clinical implications.
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