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Pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) may cause occupational asthma.
Milene Torp Madsen1, Lars Rauff Skadhauge2, Anders Daldorph Nielsen1
1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Occupational and Environmental Medicine
|January 13, 2019
Summary
Pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) exposure caused occupational asthma in three plastic foil workers. Specific inhalation challenges confirmed PMDA-induced respiratory symptoms and delayed lung function decline, highlighting workplace risks.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Medicine
- Toxicology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Anhydrides are common cross-linking agents in industrial applications like coatings and adhesives.
- Occupational asthma is a known risk associated with exposure to certain anhydrides.
Observation:
- Three workers in a plastic foil manufacturing plant developed asthma symptoms.
- Specific inhalation challenges (SIC) were conducted using pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and lactose powder.
Findings:
- All three workers experienced delayed decreases in forced expiratory flow in 1 second (FEV1) 4-12 hours post-PMDA challenge.
- FEV1 reductions ranged from 15% to 24%, indicating significant respiratory obstruction.
- Delayed FEV1 decline suggests PMDA-induced respiratory sensitization and asthma.
Implications:
- PMDA can act as an occupational asthmogen, necessitating workplace risk management.
- Improved ventilation, respiratory protection, and phasing out PMDA can mitigate risks.
- Specific inhalation challenges are valuable for identifying and confirming workplace asthmogens.
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