[ANALYSIS OF EFFECTIVENESS OF USINGJIgY FROM CHICKEN IN SANDWICH METHOD OF HBsAg TESTING]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Biochemistry
• Diagnostic Assay Development

Background:

• Monoclonal antibodies (MCA) are widely used in diagnostic assays.
• Chicken polyclonal antibodies (PCA), specifically IgY, offer an alternative source of antibodies.
• Evaluating the comparative performance of PCA and MCA in antigen-binding assays is crucial for diagnostic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the antigen-binding ability of chicken polyclonal antibodies (PCA) with mouse monoclonal antibodies (MCA).
• To assess the performance of PCA and MCA in the context of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) detection.
• To evaluate the analytical sensitivity of solid-phase enzyme immunoassay systems utilizing both antibody types.

Main Methods:

• Used mouse monoclonal antibodies (MCA 18C8, MKA F3/F4) and chicken polyclonal antibodies (PCA No. 1 and PCA No. 2, IgY) against HBsAg.
• Evaluated antibody binding ability using a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay system.
• Determined analytical sensitivity by measuring the slope of the binding curve and minimal detection dose.

Main Results:

• Chicken PCA No. 2 demonstrated a statistically significant 40% increase in analytical sensitivity compared to immobilized MCA 18C8 in model binding experiments.
• However, when PCA (No. 1 and No. 2) replaced MCA in the sandwich assay for HBsAg determination, analytical sensitivity decreased in all cases.
• Mouse MCA exhibited a minimal detection dose of 0.017 ng/ml in the HBsAg determination assay.

Conclusions:

• Lower flexibility of chicken PCA may impede bivalent interactions in sandwich assays, leading to less stable immune complexes.
• While IgY holds value for immunochemical diagnostics, its optimal application areas require further elucidation.
• The study highlights the need for deeper investigation into the best applications for chicken IgY antibodies in diagnostic methods.