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Fluorescence Spectrum and Thermalization in a Driven Coupled Cavity Array.

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Summary
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We calculated fluorescence spectra in driven cavity lattices, revealing a quasithermalized state. For specific driving, we observed a negative effective temperature, offering insights into open quantum systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Condensed matter physics
  • Open quantum systems

Background:

  • Coupled cavity arrays are crucial for quantum simulation and information processing.
  • Understanding the dynamics of driven-open quantum systems is essential for their technological application.
  • Calculating fluorescence spectra provides insights into system correlations and thermalization properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply methods for calculating momentum-resolved fluorescence spectra in driven lattices.
  • To investigate the emergence of quasithermalized steady states in open quantum systems.
  • To explore the phenomenon of negative effective temperature in specific driving regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Extension of two-time correlation methods to infinite open quantum lattices.
  • Numerical calculation of fluorescence spectra for a driven-dissipative transverse-field anisotropic XY model.
  • Analysis of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem to characterize steady states.
  • Comparison of numerical results with analytical spin-wave theory in the low excitation density limit.

Main Results:

  • Successful calculation of momentum-resolved fluorescence spectra for a driven lattice system.
  • Observation of a quasithermalized steady state with a system-parameter-dependent temperature.
  • Demonstration of a negative effective temperature for blue-detuned driving.
  • Agreement between numerical and analytical results, elucidating the distribution function and quasithermalization origin.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methods provide a powerful tool for analyzing driven-open quantum systems.
  • The study confirms the emergence of quasithermalization and reveals the possibility of negative effective temperatures.
  • Spin-wave theory offers valuable insights into the observed phenomena in the low excitation density limit.