Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 28, 2026

The Trier Social Stress Test Protocol for Inducing Psychological Stress
Published on: October 19, 2011
Impact of Psychological Empowerment on Workplace Bullying and Intent to Leave
Debra Hampton1, Mary Kay Rayens
1Author Affiliation: Academic Program Coordinator of the Executive Leadership and MSN to DNP Programs and Assistant Professor (Dr. Hampton) and Professor (Dr Rayens), the University of Kentucky College of Nursing, Lexington.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to understand the association of psychological empowerment (PE) with workplace bullying and intent to leave among nurse leaders.
Background:
Nurse leaders who experience bullying cope in varied ways. Some leaders have higher levels of empowerment and resilience, whereas others are more negatively impacted by bullying.
Methods:
This study used a descriptive, cross-sectional survey design. Instruments used in the study included 2 PE tools: a bullying instrument and an intent-to-leave tool. The analysis tested for bivariate correlations and used analysis of variance to discern differences among nurse leaders.
Results:
PE was negatively correlated with both bullying and intent to leave. Chief nursing officers and directors had significantly higher PE than did nurse managers, but there was no significant difference in intent to leave among the leader groups.
Conclusions:
PE may help protect against the impact of bullying. Continued development of leaders to strengthen their PE is needed.
Related Concept Videos
Bullying
Leaving Groups
In general, in a nucleophilic substitution reaction, a nucleophile displaces a functional group, called the leaving group, from the substrate to give a substituted product. A leaving group departs the substrate molecule through heterolytic cleavage, taking the pair of electrons with it to become a relatively stable weak base in the form of an anion or a neutral molecule.
In a...
Contemporary Psychology
Biopsychology
Biopsychology, also known as biological psychology or behavioral neuroscience, focuses on the biological underpinnings of behavior and mental processes. It...
Evolutionary Psychology
Defining Psychology
Psychology as a Science
The scientific method in psychology involves six critical steps: making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting tests, analyzing...

