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Cancer Vaccines

Peter J DeMaria1, Marijo Bilusic2

  • 1Genitourinary Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room B2L312, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|March 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Therapeutic cancer vaccines, a key part of immuno-oncology, are well-tolerated and can target tumors. Ongoing research aims to enhance their effectiveness through new targets and combination therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Immuno-oncology
  • Cancer vaccine development

Background:

  • Therapeutic cancer vaccines represent a significant advancement in oncology.
  • They differ from prophylactic vaccines, utilizing diverse target antigens and platforms.
  • Three FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccines include intravesical BCG live, sipuleucel-T, and T-VEC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current landscape of therapeutic cancer vaccines.
  • To highlight their distinct characteristics and clinical trial findings.
  • To outline future directions in cancer vaccine research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and FDA-approved therapeutic cancer vaccines.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data regarding vaccine tolerability and kinetics.
  • Identification of ongoing research strategies for improved efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Therapeutic cancer vaccines are generally well-tolerated in clinical trials.
  • Vaccines demonstrate unique kinetic profiles and the ability to induce antigen cascade.
  • Existing vaccines target specific antigens, with potential for neoantigen targeting.

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic cancer vaccines are a promising strategy in immuno-oncology.
  • Further research focuses on novel antigen targets and combination therapies to boost efficacy.
  • Ongoing trials are crucial for advancing cancer treatment through vaccination.
Keywords:
Antigen cascadeCancer immunotherapyCancer vaccineImmuno-oncologyTherapeutic cancer vaccineVaccine

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